基于超声征象建立股浅动脉支架再狭窄的风险预测评分模型

目的建立综合、有效的股浅动脉支架再狭窄风险预测模型,在术前预测支架再狭窄的可能,为手术方案的选择提供指导意见。方法回顾性纳入2016年1月至2018年1月在首都医科大学宣武医院接受股浅动脉支架治疗的患者328例(共381条患肢)作为建模队列。以超声作为评价手段,依据多因素Logistic回归分析筛选支架再狭窄的独立危险因素,按其权重赋值,建立支架再狭窄风险预测评分模型。以受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线验证模型的区分度,并根据其最佳界值将评分模型分为支架再狭窄低危组和高危组。结果多因素Logistic回归分析显示,8项危险因素被纳入评分系统并建立支架再狭窄风险预测模型,钙化斑块、腘动脉收缩期峰值流速<40 cm/s、膝下流出道评分≥4分、踝臂指数<0.5、女性均赋值1分,患者合并脑梗死、慢性肾病、病变总长度15.0~24.9 cm均赋值2分,病变总长度≥25.0 cm赋值3分,模型最高计12分。以数字减影血管造影(DSA)为金标准,经ROC曲线验证,提示该评分体系具有较高的预测价值[ROC曲线下面积(AUC)=0.775,95%CI=0.727~0.824,P<0.001]和拟合优度(χ²=4.921,P=0.766),一致性检验Kappa值为0.609。将评分模型进一步分为再狭窄低危组(0~5分)和再狭窄高危组(6~12分),其敏感性为68.1%,特异性为74.6%,准确性为72.7%。结论股浅动脉支架再狭窄风险预测评分模型可在术前较准确地预测再狭窄的发生,为精准制定手术方案提供理论依据。     

A Soft,Flexible Stent/Bung for Marsupialisation

A soft flexible stent or bung for marsupialisation using putty elastomeric impression material rather than an acrylic bung.     

The low-profile Neuroform Atlas stent in the treatment of wide-necked intracranial aneurysms – immediate and midterm results: An Italian multicenter registry

Background and purposeWide-necked brain aneurysms therapy remains a challenge for neurointerventionalists, mainly for the high recurrence rate. Low-profile stents make feasible the treatment of these aneurysms. In our multicenter series we analyzed clinical and angiographic results of Neuroform Atlas stent-assisted coiling.Materials and methodsFrom January 2016 to March 2017, 113 wide-necked aneurysms were discovered with CTA, MRA and DSA. The Atlas stent-assisted coiling procedures were performed under general anesthesia with sequential or jailing techniques. Six months follow-up DSA was performed to assess the recurrence rate through the modified Raymond-Roy occlusion scale (RROC). Moreover, patients were evaluated clinically to analyse the degree of disability according to the mRS. MRI was performed at 12 months evaluating both the cerebral tissue and the vessels.ResultsIn all the procedures it was feasible to navigate the Neuroform Atlas to the goal vessel and deploy the stent across the aneurysmal neck. Intra-procedural complications account for the 6.2% (7/113). The immediate occlusion rate was RROC 1 in 88%, 2 in 9% and 3 in 3% of cases. The 6 months clinical data showed mRS Score 0–1 in 96.5% of patients; 3 patients died of complications related to SAH. The 12 months follow-up showed RROC of 1 in 82%, 2 in 13% and 3 in 5% of cases. No aneurysm has been retreated.ConclusionsIn our multicenter experience the Neuroform Atlas stent assisted-coiling has shown to be a safe and effective technique for the treatment of wide-necked intracranial aneurysms with encouraging clinical and angiographic results.     

腹腔镜联合支架与开腹联合支架治疗左半结肠癌伴梗阻患者的对比研究

目的比较腹腔镜联合支架与开腹联合支架治疗左半结肠癌伴梗阻患者的疗效。方法选取2014年1月～2017年1月40例左半结肠癌伴梗阻患者,将其分为观察组和对照组,每组20例。观察组患者采用腹腔镜联合支架治疗,对照组患者采用开腹联合支架治疗。对比分析两组的术后情况、应激反应情况及细胞免疫功能变化情况。结果与对照组相比,观察组术后排气时间短,抗生素使用时间短,术后住院时间短,住院费用高,术后72 h CRP水平低,术后72 h CD3~+、CD4~+/CD8~+水平高,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。与对照组相比,观察组术后并发症发生率低,但差异无统计学意义。结论相比开腹联合支架治疗,腹腔镜联合支架治疗左半结肠癌伴梗阻患者,术后消化道功能恢复快,应激反应较轻,对细胞免疫功能影响较小,住院时间短,近期疗效优势明显。     

Effect of Tongguan Capsules(通冠胶囊) on Restenosis after Coronary Stent Implantation:Study Protocol for A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background:Although percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)had become widely employed therapeutic procedure for coronary artery disease,stent restenosis limited the benefits of this revascularization and the question how to prevent such events remained unresolved.While numerous empirical observations suggested Tongguan Capsules(通冠胶囊),a patented Chinese Medicine,could decrease frequency and duration of angina pectoris attacks,evidence supporting its efficacy on restenosis remained inadequate.Objective:This trial was designed to determine whether Tongguan Capsules would reduce restenosis rate in patients after successful stent implantation.Methods:Approximately 400 patients undergoing percutaneous coronary stent deployment were enrolled and randomized to control group or Tongguan Capsules(4.5 g/d)for 3 months.All patients received standard anti-platelet,anti-coagulation and lipid-decreasing treatments,concurrently.The primary clinical endpoint was the 12-month incidence of the major adverse cardiovascular events(defined as cardiac death,myocardial infarction,and recurrence of symptoms requiring additional revascularization).The angiographic end point was restenosis rate at 6 months.Conclusion:This study would provide important evidence for the use of Tongguan Capsules in patients after stent implantation in combination with routine therapies,which may significantly reduce incidence of the restenosis so as to potentially improve the clinical outcomes.(registration number:ChiCTR-TRC-ChiCTR-IIR-17011407)     

Cardiac arrest caused by accidental severe hypothermia and myocardial infarction during general anesthesia

Therapeutic hypothermia is often used for traumatic brain injury because of its neuroprotective effect and decreased secondary brain injury. However, this procedure lacks clinical evidence supporting its efficacy, and adverse outcomes have been reported during general anesthesia. A 61-year-old man with a history of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was admitted with traumatic brain injury. Immediately after admission, he underwent mild therapeutic hypothermia with a target temperature of 33.0°C for neuroprotection. During general anesthesia for emergency surgery because he developed a mass effect, hypothermic cardiac arrest occurred following an additional decrease in the core body temperature. Moreover, myocardial infarction caused by restenosis of the previous PCI lesion also contributed to the cardiac arrest. Although the patient recovered spontaneous circulation after an hour-long cardiopulmonary resuscitation with rewarming, he eventually died of subsequent repetitive cardiac arrests. When anesthetizing patients undergoing therapeutic hypothermia, caution is required to prevent adverse outcomes that can be caused by unintentional severe hypothermia and exacerbation of underlying heart disease.     

循环外泌体介导的lncRNA HOXA11-AS通过上调SOX4促进血管内皮细胞增殖

目的：探索循环外泌体对内皮细胞增殖能力的影响及其可能机制。方法：收集支架内再狭窄患者（n =199）及对照组患者（n =32）血浆并提取外泌体,用患者血浆外泌体干预经雷帕霉素诱导的内皮细胞增殖抑制模型,MTT法测各组细胞的增殖能力,Western blot检测细胞中PCNA、Ki67的表达情况。基因芯片检测两组外泌体中差异的非编码RNA,qRT-PCR检测lncRNA HOXA11-AS表达情况。结果：与对照组比,雷帕霉素组细胞增殖能力减弱;PCNA、Ki67 表达减少（P ＜0.05）;相比于雷帕霉素组,对照组外泌体干预后内皮细胞增殖能力增强;PCNA、Ki67表达增加（P ＜0.05）。芯片结果显示lncRNA HOXA11-AS在ISR外泌体中表达减少（P ＜0.05）。pHOXA11-AS可以促进内皮细胞的增殖能力,增加细胞中PCNA、Ki67、SOX4的表达（P ＜0.05）。结论：血浆外泌体中的lncRNA HOXA11-AS可能是通过上调内皮细胞中SOX4的表达,增加内皮细胞的增殖能力。     

DynaCT imaging for intraprocedural evaluation of flow-diverting stent apposition during endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms

The treatment of large, complex intracranial aneurysms is being increasingly performed using flow-diverting stents (FDS) such as the Pipeline Embolization Device (PED; ev3, Irvine, CA, USA). Malapposition of a FDS to the parent artery wall decreases the likelihood of aneurysm obliteration and increases the risk of both immediate and delayed complications. DynaCT scanning (Siemens Medical Solutions, Erlangen, Germany) is a novel imaging modality which uses a flat plane detector to generate CT images using the same C-arm employed for digital subtraction angiography. We present a 40-year-old woman with an unruptured, 11 mm cavernous internal carotid artery aneurysm who was treated with endovascular obliteration using a PED. Intraprocedural DynaCT scan performed after PED deployment demonstrated incomplete stent apposition to the parent vessel which could not be detected on digital subtraction angiography alone. Balloon angioplasty was performed to improve apposition of the stent to the vessel wall. There were no procedural or clinical complications. The aneurysm shrank in size at follow-up angiography 6 months after the procedure and will be monitored for progressive occlusion. While gross stent malapposition is readily evident after stent deployment, minor instances of malapposition may be undetectable by standard angiography. Therefore the use of DynaCT imaging may improve intraprocedural stent visualization and potentially avert long-term endovascular aneurysm treatment complications associated with inadequate stent apposition.